INVESTIGATING GENESIS SERIES ©2002  by Gerard Wakefield    https://www.creationism.org/wakefield/ https://www.creationism.org/zulu/piltdownbird_zu.htm

'Ihuku lasePiltdown' — Enye Inkohliso Yokuziphendukela Kwezinto Ngo-1999, iNational Geographic yashicilela isithombe sesidalwa esathi "sifakazela" ukuthi izinyoni zavela kumadayinaso. Esibizwa ngokuthi i-Archaeoraptor,satholakala eChina futhi sashaywa izikhosi njenge "isixhumanisi sangempela esasilahlekile ochungechungeni oluyinkimbinkimbi oluxhumanisa amadayinaso nezinyoni" (Sloan 100). Isithombe siveze isidalwa "[s]inamaphiko yinyoni yasendulo nomhlane we-dinosaur" (Ibid.), sihamba nezitatimende ezifana nalezi, "Lona ngumkhono olahlekile phakathi kwamadayinaso asezingceleni nezinyoni ezingakwazi ngempela ukundiza" (Ibid.), kanye nokuthi "Lesi fosili mhlawumbe yilona bufakazi obuhle kakhulu kusukela ku-Archaeopteryxbokuthi izinyoni, ngempela, zavela kwezinye izinhlobo zamadayinaso adla inyama [ama-dromaeosaurs]" (Ibid. 101).

Indoda yasePiltdown ngo-1912

Ifosili Ehlobene: Archaeopteryx

Kwabe sekuyiZincwadi kuMhleli zokushicilelwa kukaMashi 2000, noma kunjalo, isazi sezinsalela zemvelo uXu Xing (iChinese Academy of Sciences) wabhala ukuthi "i-Archaeoraptoribonakala ukuthi yakhiwe ngomhlane we-dromaeosaur nomzimba wenyoni." Lapho intatheli yezophenyo uLewis Simons ehlola lolu buqili, wathola indaba yokuyimfihlo okungeyikho nokuzethemba okungafanele, yokuzigqaja okungaphezu kwemingcele okuvukelayo, ukuzikhukhumeza, ukucabanga okunqwenelayo, izimiso ezingacabangiwe, iphutha lomuntu, ukuzigcina, ukudlala ngabantu, ukukhuluma kabi ngabanye, amanga, inkohlakalo, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuxhumana okubi kakhulu (Simons 128).

Umlimi waseShayina wayeluklamile amafosili amabili ahlukene wawathengisa kumthengisi wamafosili owavuma ukuthi wayevame ukuthengisa 'ama-composites' (Ibid. 129). Lawa mafosili afinyelela kuStephen Czerkas, umlandeli wamadayinaso ongenazo iziqu zesayensi, owayexhumana nesazi sezifosili uPhilip Currie. USimons wabhala wathi, "UCurrie wayedidekile kakhulu eminye imisebenzi ayeyenza emhlabeni wonke kangangokuba wanikeza iphrojekthi ye-Archaeoraptor ukunakwa okuncane" (Ibid. 130).

UCurrie wayenokungabaza ngaleli fosili, kodwa wehluleka ukwazisa uChristopher Sloan, owabhala indatshana ka-1999. USimons wabiza lokhu "ukungaphathwa kwemfanelo okubhubhisayo kakhulu" ngakolunye uhlangothi lukaCurrie (Ibid.). Le fosili yahlolwa nguProfesa Timothy Rowe waseNyuvesi yaseTexas othe, "[K]wakukhona ithuba lokuthi kwakuyinkohliso" (Ibid.). UCurrie wathumela umlingani wakhe, uchwepheshe wefosili uKevin Aulenback, ukuba ayophenya; u-Aulenback waphothula wathi le fosili "kwakuwusampula ehlanganisiwe" (Ibid. 131).

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uCzerkas noCurrie bathumela iphepha mayelana ne-fossil kumagazini iNature neScience. USimons uchaza umqulu wokuqala:

Ekhasini laso lesihlanu iphepha lathi umkhono ofana nowe-dromaeosaur esidalweni esifana nenyoni waphakamisa ingxenye eyayingaziwa ngaphambili ekuthuthukeni kwezinyoni zisuka kwama-dinosaur asezweni. Ngamafuphi, lokhu kwakuyikho uCzerkas ayezotshela iNational Geographic ukuthi "isixhumanisi esilahlekile" (Ibid.).

Zonke izincwadi ezimbili zalahla udaba (Ibid.131-132). Nokho-ke,iNational Geographic yaqhubeka yashicilela inguqulo yayo. USimons wabiza umkhankaso wezindaba owalandela ngokuthi "umdlalo wokubonisa abezindaba". (Ibid. 132).

Maduzane ngemuva kwalokho uXu wazisa uSloan, "Nginesiqiniseko esingu-100%... ukuthi i-Archaeoraptoriyisampula eyenziwe ngobuqili" (Ibid.). Lapho inkohliso seyiveziwe, uCzerkas wavuma ukuthi wenze "iphutha lobuwula elikhulu, elingacabangi nhlobo." UCurrie wathi kwakuyiphutha "elikhulu kakhulu empilweni yami." USloan wathi, "Bengidonsa isilo" (Ibid.). Umhleli omkhuluweNational Geographic uWilliam Allen wabuza, "Sangena kanjani kulesi simo esinzima?" (Ibid. 128). USimons unikeza impendulo: "Kwabanye ososayensi bezifanekiso zomzimba abavelele abakubonile ... lesi sitho somzimba esincane sasiyisihluthulelo esabekade sifunwa imfihlakalo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo" (Ibid.). Okusho ukuthi, babona lokho abebekufuna ukukubona.

Ukugxekwa kube kubi kakhulu. Endatshaneni mayelana namaphutha ezesayensi amakhulu angamashumi amabili eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, iphephabhuku i-Discover lahlanganisa "i-Piltdown Chicken," igama labo lokubiza lobu buqili. Leli gama livela ku-Piltdown Man, ingxube eyenziwe ngobuciko yengqondo yomuntu nomhlathi wezinyane "owatholakala" ngo-1912 (Newman 80). Njengoba ososayensi bemvelo basendulo bamukela uPiltdown Man ngoba babengafuni lutho ngaphandle kobufakazi bokuthi abantu bavelaphi, ososayensi banamuhla bamukela i-Archaeoraptor ngenxa yokulangazelela kwabo ukufakazela ukuthi izinyoni zavela kwama-dinosaur.
 
    References:

Newman, Judith. (2000). "Twenty of the Greatest Blunders in Science in the Last Twenty Years." Discover 21, no. 10.

Simons, Lewis (2000). "Archaeoraptor Fossil Trail." National Geographic 198, no. 4.

Sloan, Christopher (1999). "Feathers for T. Rex?" National Geographic 196, no. 5.
 

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