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Umqamelo osheshayo kunabo bonke
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All by Design,
Dr. Jonathan C. O'Quinn
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Izinyoni ze-hummingbird zisebenza ngokushesha okukhulu, zidinga hhayi kuphela ubuningi be-nectar yezitshalo, kodwa namaprotheni nezinye izakhamzimba ezivela ezitsheni ezincane ezifana nezimpukane zezithelo, zidla cishe izimpukane ezingama-300 ngosuku. Inkinga ebonakalayo ngalokhu, nokho, wumlomo omude ofana nengilazi we-hummingbird, ohlelwe ngokusobala ukuze ulingane nezimbali.
Into abantu abaningi abangayazi wukuthi umlomo we-hummingbird nawo ulungele ngokuphelele ukubamba lezi zinambuzane ezincane. Esikhundleni sokuba ne-hinge yekhathilagi esisekelweni somlomo, njengabanye abaningi bezinyoni ezidla izinambuzane, imilomo yama-hummingbird imathambo aqinile. Nokho, ithambo lomlomo ongaphansi limncane kakhulu futhi liyaguquguquka. |
Lapho i-hummingbird ivula umlomo wayo ukuze ibambe i-fruit fly, amandla emisipha afakwa kumlomo ongaphansi awugoba cishe amadigri angu-25 futhi awuwanda isisekelo salowo mlomo ukuze kwandiswe indawo yomhlaba. Amandla aguquguqukayo agcinwe emathanjeni omlomo ongaphansi afinyelela ngokushesha ezingeni elithile, lapho-ke avaliwa ngokungazelelwe kungakapheli ingxenye eyodwa kwezingu-100 yesekhondi, ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho i-hummingbird engakwenza ngamandla emisipha yodwa. Leli shesha eliphakeme lisiza i-hummingbird ukubamba lezi zinyalala ezincane.
Njengoba kubonakala yonke indawo emvelweni, ukwakheka komlomo we-hummingbird kuhambisana ngokuphelele nomsebenzi wawo. Iqiniso lokuthi lo mlomo kwakudingeka usebenze ngokungenaphutha kusukela ngosuku lokuqala libonisa ukuthi awungeke wathuthuka ngokungahleliwe nangokwezigaba. Lokhu kufakazela ukuklama okuhleliwe, okunobuhlakani okukhuluma ngokusobala ngokuba khona komdali.
Bibliography
Smith, M., G. Yanega, and A. Ruina. 2011. Elastic instability model of
rapid beak closure in hummingbirds. J. Theoretical Biol. 282:41–51.
Figure caption:
Broad-tailed Hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus)
National Park Service Photo, www.nps.gov, courtesy of Paula Hamilton.
"Umqamelo osheshayo kunabo bonke"
(Originally published in "Creation Matters" as: Fastest Beak Around)
<https://www.creationism.org/zulu/CrsCmFastestBeak_zu.htm>
